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GRE 93考题精选(十九)

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GLACIAL: COLD::

opaque : lucid
viscid: liquid
massive: lengthy
profound: deep
misshapen: flexible

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答案:(D)

冰冷的:寒冷的
 
模糊的:清晰的
粘的:液态的
巨大的:冗长的
深刻的,深奥的:深的
畸形的,丑陋的:灵活的

NEPOTISM : RELATIVE::

cronyism: friend
elitism: leader
narcissism: self
recidivism: criminal
jingoism: patriot

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答案:(A)

裙带关系:亲戚
 
任人唯亲:朋友
杰出人物统治论:领导
自恋:自己
累犯:罪犯
沙文主义:爱国者

LAW: CRIMINALITY::

ritual: orthodoxy
leadership: submission
consensus: factionalism
lesson : falsehood
rehabilitation : vacillation

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答案:(D)

法律,法则:犯罪
 
仪式:正统观念
领导阶层:恭顺服从
意见一致:小团体主义
教训:错误
恢复:踌躇不决(摇摆)


   National character is not formally
  considered by social scientists in
  discussing economic and social
  development today. They believe that
(5) people differ and that these
  differences should be taken into account
  somehow, but they have as yet
  discovered no way to include such
  variables in their formal models of
(10) economic and social development. The
  difficulty lies in the nature of the
  data that supposedly define different
  national characters. Anthropologists
  and others are on much firmer ground
(15) when they attempt to describe the
  cultural norms for a small homogeneous
  tribe or village than when they
  undertake the formidable task of
  discovering the norms that exist in a
(20) complex modern nation state composed
  of many disparate groups. The situation
  is further complicated by the nature of
  judgments about character; since such
  judgments are overly dependent on
(25) impressions and since, furthermore,
  impressions are usually stated in
  qualitative terms,it is impossible to
  make a reliable comparison between the
  national characters of two countries.

The author's main point in the
passage is that national character
is too elusive to merit attention
by anthropologists and other social
scientists.
is of greater interest to social
scientists today than it has been in
the past.
is still too difficult to describe
with the precision required by many
social scientists.
has become increasingly irrelevant
because of the complexity of modern lift.
can be described more accurately
by anthropologists than by other social
scientists.

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答案:(C)
今天,当社会科学家在讨论经济和发展时,国民性格(national character)
并不被正式考虑在内。他们相信,人与人之间各不相同,这些差异应在某种程序上
予以考虑,但他们迄今为止还不曾揭示出任何方式,将此类可变性因素(varibles)
囊括到有关经济和社会发展的正规模式之中。之所以难以做到这一点,关键在于那
些被认为有可能界定不同国民性格的数据的性质。当人类学家和其他人试图去描述
一个小规模的同一性质(homogeneous)部落或村落的文化标准时,他们处在一种
要坚实得多的基础上。相对而言,当他们着手从事这样一个艰巨的任务,即去揭示
存在于一个复杂的、由许多彼此间毫无联系的群体所构成的现代单一民族的独立国
家(nation-state)时,他们就具备一个同样坚实的基础。这一种情形更是由于性
格判断的性质而进一步趋于扑朔迷离复杂化,因为这些判断过分依赖于印象;更进
一步而言,因为印象是以定性的(qualitative)措辞表述出来的;因此,要两个
国家的两种国民性格之间作出可靠的比较,这近乎不可能。

Given the information in the passage,
which of the following is NOT true of
modern nation-states?
They are complex.
They are heterogeneous.
They are of interest to social




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