下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有下划线，请从每个句子后面的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1. The government has launched a massive campaign against crimes in the big cities.
A. proposed
B. decided
C. begun
D. studied
2. It is very considerate of you to remember my birthday.
A. thoughtful
B. considerable
C. careful
D. concerned
3. I was amazed at the beauty of the mountain when I reached the top.
A. excited
B. astonished
C. happy
D. shocked
4. The widespread use of X-rays poses the risk of overexposure to radiation.
A. medical
B. spacious
C. experimental
D. general
5. My life is more precious to me than my property.
A. valuable
B. profitable
C. dear
D. noble
6. He made a great show of reluctance, but finally accepted my offer.
A. emotion
B. unwillingness
C. anger
D. postpone
7. His success in work has tempted many to try this new method.
A. attracted
B. called
C. inspired
D. implied
8. She could fix the machine without referring to the instructions.
A. understanding
B. observing
C. consulting
D. obtaining
9. I didn't have much confidence in my talent as an actor.
A. wisdom
B. gift
C. performance
D. show
10. Her death was a great grief to him and I doubt if he ever recovered afterwards.
A. got by
B. got through
C. got on
D. got off
11. Revolutionary developments in China's astronomy took place in the 1960's.
A. commenced
B. occurred
C. were disputed
D. were exchanged
12. The polar lights, one of the most unusual phenomena in nature, is beautiful to behold.
A. view
B. relate
C. sketch
D. withhold
13. A supernova(超新星)is a star that explodes and then slowly fades to less than its original brightness.
A. size
B. weight
C. radiance
D. importance
14. Over six million citizens of the United States benefit from private pension plans each year.
A. unauthorized
B. confidential
C. nontransferable
D. non-governmental
15. Since the 1950's, literary critics have attempted to answer the question: When did children's literature first emerge as a distinct literary genre?
A. improve
B. appear
C. conform
D. respond
