后　缀

例　词

　　 
名　词

-er
-or
-ese
-ian
-ist
-ment
-ness
-tion
-ing
-ship
-age
-ty
-th
-ance
-ence
-ful
-al

farmer weaver pain-killer
conductor sailor transistor
Chinese Portuguese Pekinese
musician Egyptian physician
scientist dentist communist
argument judgment government 
happiness greatness coldness 
dictation preparation repetition 
building wedding painting 
leadership friendship hardship 
shortage marriage leakage 
loyalty cruelty penalty 
truth warmth length 
acceptance assistance reliance 
dependence confidence reference 
mouthful handful plateful 
refusal denial arrival

　　 

形容词

-al
-an
-ern
-ble
-ful
-ish
-ive
-y
-less
-en
-ous
-ary
-ic
-some
-like
-ant

central industrial national 
European American Australian 
eastern northern southern 
reasonable horrible terrible 
cheerful grateful faithful 
childish Swedish selfish 
destructive collective active 
thirsty dirty windy 
careless homeless fearless 
golden wooden woolen 
courageous famous continuous 
imaginary revolutionary secondary 
realistic historic poetic 
troublesome burdensome lonesome 
childlike womanlike manlike 
ignorant significant observant

动　词

-ize
-en
-ify

realize modernize mechanize 
widen strengthen lengthen 
simplify beautify terrify

　　 
副　词

-ly
-ward（s）
-wise

perfectly happily terribly 
towards onward backward 
otherwise likewise lengthwise

　　 
数　词

-teen
-ty
-th

thirteen fifteen eighteen 
forty sixty twenty 
ninth tenth twentieth