主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物。

除了名词可担任主语外，还有代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句均可作主语，

如

He works in a big company.

To drive car needs some knowledge of its performance.

Advertising is a way of bringing information to the public for the purpose of selling a product.

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

Ⅱ.谓语(Predicate)

谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。

I have read "Romance of the West Chamber".

Silent words of love are passing between us.

We should promote our friendship on such a basis.

They are dancing.

Ⅲ.宾语(Object)

宾语表示动作的对象，是主语的动作的承受者。有宾语的动词称为及物动词，作宾语的词有名词，代词宾格，数词、动词不定式、动名词、复合结构、从句等，本文|由职业培训教育网独家整理。如：

Trust the students.

Don't have anything more to do with him.

How many do you need? We need ten.

They are planning to see the sights of Chongqing tomorrow.

He dreamt of meeting and falling in love with a beautiful woman.

You will find the pain easing up in a few hours.

We must find out who signed the contract.

Ⅳ.定语 (Attribute)

定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。

除形容词之外，数词、名词所有格、动词不定式、介词短语、分词短语、动名词、副词、从句等，都可作定语。

There is some exciting news on the newspaper today.

Every Saturday Mr. Black goes to the supermarket to do shopping.

See the statement above.

The faded flowers covered the ground.

It's a firm that specializes in hand-made furniture.

Ⅴ.状语 (Adverbial)

状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的，表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等。

作状语的词有副词或相当于副词的其它词、短语、从句。如：

Accounting is one of the fastest growing fields in modern business world.

To explain the difference briefly, the accountant sets up a bookkeeping system.

Personally, I hope you will make a holiday tour with me.

He was disappointed because his love of her was unrequited.

Seeing this, they became very worried.

Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective.

Ⅵ.同位语(Appositive)

同位语用来对一个词或词的内容加以补充和说明。它通常位于其说明的词或词组之后。

We Americans are hard-working.

You two are very lazy.

Winston Churchill, Britain's Prime Minister during the Second World War, died in 1965.

Shanghai, once the paradise for adventurers, is now the largest industrial base in China.

Ⅶ.补语(Complement)

英语中有些及物动词虽然有了宾语，但句子的意思仍不完整，还需要在宾语之后增加一个成分以补足其意义，这种成分叫宾语补语。能作宾语补语的有名词、形容词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式、分词。本文|由职业培训教育网独家整理。

They appointed him head of the department.

They painted the wall blue.

People regard the sun as the chief source of heat and light.