据网友提供信息，2015年职称英语考试理工B阅读理解其中一篇来自于卫生教材中阅读判断的第5篇Dangers Await Babies withAltitude。各位考友可以参考原文及译文，比对答案。

　　以下为卫生教材原文：

　　Dangers Await Babies withAltitude

　　Womenwho live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to under-weightbabies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a highrisk of heart disease and strokes.

　　Researchhas hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. Butit wasn’t clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudeor because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at highaltitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.

　　Tofind out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied therecords of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were bom inboth rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is thehighest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruzis much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.

　　Sureenough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz wassignificantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high andlow-income families. Even babies bom to poor families in Santa Cruz wereheavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “Wewere very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.

　　Theresults suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen beforebirth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulategrowth of the unborn child.” says Giussani.

　　Histeam also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively largerheads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved ofoxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of thebody.

　　Giussaniwants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, forexample. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Andnewborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed tohigh blood pressure and strokes in later life.

　　高海拔地区的婴儿有危险

　　一个新的研究表明，住在世界高海拔地区的女人通常生下体重不足的婴儿。这些婴儿在长大成人后得心脏病和中风的风险很大。

　　研究暗示，在山区出生的新生儿低于平均体重。但是还不清楚这是由于在高海拔的地方氧气不足，还是由于他们的母亲没有获得足够的营养——许多住在高海拔地方的人相对都比住在低海拔地区的人穷。

　　为了了解更多情况，剑桥大学的Dina Giussani和他的团队研究了1997年至1998年玻利维亚的400个新生儿的记录。这些婴儿出生于两个城市的富有和贫困地区：拉巴斯和圣克鲁斯。拉巴斯是世界上海拔最高的城市，海拔3.65千米，而圣克鲁斯低很多，海拔440米。

　　当然，Giussani发现拉巴斯的新生儿的平均出生体重明显低于圣克鲁斯的新生儿，无论高收入家庭还是低收入家庭都是如此。甚至圣克鲁斯的贫穷家庭的婴儿比拉帕兹的富有家庭的婴儿平均体重还要重。Giussani说：“我们对这个结果感到吃惊。”

　　这个结果表明在高海拔出生的婴儿出生前就缺氧了。Giussani说：“这可能会触发调节胎儿成长的荷尔蒙的释放或抑制。”

　　他的团队还发现高海拔的婴儿通常有相对身体来说较大的头部。这可能是因为一个缺乏氧的胚胎会首先把充氧的血液输送到脑部，然后才送到身体的其他部位。

　　Giussani想要查出这样的婴儿在今后的生活中是不是更容易得病。例如在拉巴斯出生的人在成年之后更可能得心脏病。出生时体重轻是得冠心病的一个危险因素。头部相对身体较大的新生儿在今后的生活中通常更容易地高血压和中风。