第3篇 Late-night drinking

　　Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “ pick-me-up” cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with you sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that send people into a sleep.

　　Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 a.m. and 4 a. m , before falling again. “It’s the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,” says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiklogy Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone

　　Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee,compared with 415 minutes after decaf .They also took half an hour to drop off---twice as long as usual---and jigged around in twice as much..

　　In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers evey three hous and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of abreakers were half those in decaf drinkers. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme the drives melatonin production.

　　Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.

　　练习：

　　1. The author mentions” pick-me-up” to indicate that

　　A) melatonin levels need to be raised.

　　B) Neurohormone can wake us up.

　　C) Coffee is stimulant.

　　D) Decaf is a caffeinated coffee.

　　2. Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?

　　A) Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.

　　B) Caffeine interrupts the flow of sleep hormone.

　　C) Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.

　　D) Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.

　　3. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?

　　A) Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.

　　B) Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.

　　C) The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.

　　D) The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

　　4. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph in paragraph 4 prove?

　　A) There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers’ urine sample.

　　B) There are more melatonin concenrrations in caffeine drinkers’ urine sample.

　　C) Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin.

　　D) Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.

　　5. The author of this passage probably agrees that

　　A) coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee.

　　B) We should not drink coffee after supper.

　　C) People sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a.m..

　　D) If we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately.

 第五部分：补全短文(每题2分，共10分)

　　阅读下面的短文，

　　文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

　　How one simple movement can let slip the secrets of the mind

　　Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 per cent.So，while your mouth is closed，just what is your body saying…

　　Arms.――(1)――If you keep your a/ins to the sides of your body or behind your back。this suggests you are not afraid of taking on。whatever comes your way。――(2)――If someone upsets you，just cross your arms to show you’re unhappy!

　　Head.When you Want to appear confident，keep your head level.If you are monitor in class，you Can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. ――(3)――

　　Legs.Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies.If you are at interviews，try to keep them still!

　　Posture.A good posture makes you feel better about yourself.――(4)――This makes breathing more difficult，which in turn Can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.

　　Mouth.When you are thinking，you often purse your lips.You might4 also use this position to hold back an angry comment you don’t wish to show.――(5)――

　　词汇：

　　confident/adj.自信的

　　purse/vt.皱缩;皱拢

　　outgoing/adj.开朗的

　　posture/n.姿势

　　inwards/adv.向内

　　receptive/adj.善于接受的，能接纳的

　　练习：

　　A If you ale feeling down(5),you normally don’t sit straight，with your shoulders inwards.

　　B If you are pleased，you usually open your eyes wide and people Can notice this.

　　C Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements，while quieter people keep

　　them close to their bodies.

　　D How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you ale to people you meet.

　　E However，it will probably still be noticed，and people will know you’re not pleased.

　　F However，to be friendly in listening or speaking，you must move your head a little to one side.

第六部分：完型填空 (每题1分，共15分)

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Eat for a Good and Healthful Life

　　Food __1__ us alive. It is our sustenance and our pleasure. But recently, research has shown that the eating habits of the average Americans may be dangerous to future health.

　　The foods Americans now choose are oftentimes too __2__ in calories and fats, so this article reports a new study: Diet and Health, Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk.

　　The study, conducted __3__ the National Research Council's committee on Diet and Health, __4__ that balancing nutrition, calories and activity is key __5__ enjoying a long and healthful life.

　　The report recommends that most Americans increase __6__ activity to a moderate level and make changes in food __7__ and calories intake to maintain ideal weight. Most of us --- even those of us at ideal weight --- need to eat __8__ fat so that no more than 30% of our daily calories will come from fat.

　　That means cutting __9__ on red meat and whole milk dairy products. __10__, eat fish, chicken without skin, lean meats, and low-fat and no-fat dairy products.

　　The report of the Committee on Diet and Health recommends we eat five or more 1/2-cup servings of vegetables and fruits __11__ --- especially green and yellow vegetables and citrus fruits.

　　Eating more fruits and vegetables doesn't have to mean increased calories intake. Many plant foods are nutrient-rich: they provide many vitamins and minerals for very few __12__.

　　Nutrient-rich foods are particularly important for Americans __13__ age 50. As we __14__, we need to eat less because our bodies need __15__ calories to function properly. But we still need full measures of vitamins and minerals to release the energy in our foods and make us feel strong and healthy.

　　1. A remain B remains C keep D keeps

　　2. A full B rich C little D special

　　3. A by B at C with D for

　　4. A doubts B concludes C knows D reasons

　　5. A about B to C of D for

　　6. A mental B spare C physical D chemical

　　7. A choose B chooses C chose D choices

　　8. A little B much C less D more

　　9. A up B down C hard D off

　　10. A However B Or C Indeed D Rather

　　11. A day B daily C year D annually

　　12. A nutrition B nutritions C calorie D calories

　　13. A over B under C for D in

　　14. A older B old C age D grow

　　15. A less B. fewer C more D enough

答案：
　　从所处的位置上看，用以补充的句子应该是对手臂动作的概括性描述。D符合条件。

　　2.C这个位置的前后两个句子都是对手臂在具体情况下具体动作的描述。用以补充的句

　　子也应该如此。C讲的是开朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。

　　3.F本段前两旬讲在哪种情况下不能歪头。F讲的是应该歪一点头的情况，恰好与前面构

　　成对比。

　　4.A本段讲身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到“This(这)”会使呼吸更加困难，“This”

　　显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，A与此相吻合。

　　5.E本段讲嘴的动作。填充旬的上一个句子谈到，如果想要抑制自己，使自己不发火，可

　　以将嘴唇收拢。但事实上，这样做别人仍能看出自己不高兴，也就是E的内容。

　　阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

　　第六部分：完型填空 (每题1分，共15分)

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Eat for a Good and Healthful Life

　　1.D.keep us alive使我们活下去。

　　2.B.rich in …富含。。。

　　3.A.conducted by…由。。主持。

　　4.B.从主语“研究”判断，空格处(谓语)的搭配词义应该是“结论”。

　　5.B.key to …对。。来说是关键。

　　6.C.A和C是词义相对的一组词，重点考察;而“身体活动”符合文章主题。

　　7.D.空格处需要名词。

　　8.C.fat是不可数名词，且从句意上看 less合适。

　　9.B.cut down on是减少。

　　10.C.从空格所在的使用结构排除B和D，再用排除法借助句意关系排除A。

　　11.B.空格处需要副词，句意上选择“每天”。

　　12.D.“营养”是不可数名词，“卡里拉(热量单位)”是可数名词，所以排除A和C。而for在这里是表示关联或联系 。 如： took two steps back for every step forward.(每前进一步向后退两步)

　　13.A.over 50是“50岁以上”。

　　14.C.空格处需要谓语，age是“变老”。

　　15.B.calories 是可数名词，且从句意看“年纪越大吃的越少”合适。