1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which
C. that D. what
2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which
C. which D. how
3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.
A. what B. which
C. that D. when
4. “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “___ I was last night.”
A. That B. When
C. Where D. What
5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.
A. that B. why
C. where D. what
6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what
C. What; because D. Why; that
8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What
C. Which D. Whether
【答案与解析】
1. 选D。what made matters worse 是主语从句（注意其后有谓语动词was），相当于 the thing that made matters worse。
2. 选A。what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。
3. 选C。that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
4. 选C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：
“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.”
A. What, What B. That, That
C. What, That D. That, What
5. 选D。what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。
6. 选C。句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）
7. 选A。第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果，故用 why。
8. B。what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。
