As with many other UN treaties, US objections are based on national sovereignty concerns.

　　美国的反对是基于国家主权方面的担忧，就像该国对其他不少联合国条约的态度一样。

　　In October 2009, the Obama administration reversed Washington’s opposition to the ATT and took an active role in negotiations. But the US is still resisting binding language prohibiting arms transfers to countries if there is strong evidence they could be used to undermine human rights. It also opposes the inclusion of ammunition, arguing that this is too sensitive and technically difficult to implement.

　　2009年10月，奥巴马政府逆转了美方对《武器贸易条约》的反对态度，开始在谈判中扮演积极角色。但美方至今仍抵制某些约束性措辞，即如果有强大证据显示武器可能被用于侵犯****，就禁止向相关国家提供军火。美方还反对把弹药纳入覆盖范围，辩称这过于敏感，而且在技术上难以实施。

　　Meanwhile, Russia is one of the 41 signatures of the Wassanar arrangement regulating the trade in conventional arms and duel use technology. Even so, it is against the ATT introducing binding rules on international human rights, international humanitarian law and socio-economic development. Moscow argues that such language is open to subjective and ideological interpretation.

　　俄罗斯是《关于常规武器和两用物品及技术出口控制的瓦森纳安排》(The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies)的41个签约国之一。即便如此，该国仍反对《武器贸易条约》在国际****、国际人道主义法律和社会经济发展方面订立约束性的规则。俄方提出，此类措辞容易受到主观和意识形态化的解释。

　　In contrast, China has not yet signed any arms controls agreements and is seen as one of the most important nations to get on board. Though it says it broadly accepts the idea of a treaty, it is likely to be one of the most challenging nations to persuade to accept robust regulation and a link to human rights, which it says is too subjective.

　　与此形成反差的是，中国尚未签署任何武器控制协定，并被外界视为需参与此类控制的最重要国家之一。虽然中国表示在整体上接受订立条约的构想，但无论是就接受强有力的监管还是就与****挂钩而言，中国都很可能是最难被说服的国家之一。中方目前表示****方面的联系过于主观。

　　Those involved in the negotiations say Beijing wants to exclude small arms and light weapons and government-to-government transfers, which would effectively gut the treaty, according to its sponsors.

　　参与谈判的人士表示，中方希望排除小型武器和轻武器、以及政府对政府的军火供应。按照条约支持者的说法，那实际上等于废了这项条约。