口译考试指导之翻译中的省略法

发布时间:2012-04-21 共2页

  2.省略作宾语的代词

  英语中有些作宾语的代词,不管前面是否提到过,翻译时往往可以省略。

  The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he revealed them.

  他越是想要掩盖他的错误,就越是容易暴露。

  Please take off the old picture and throw it away.

  请把那张旧画取下来扔掉。

  3.省略物主代词

  英语句子中的物主代词出现的频率相当高。一个句子往往会出现好几个物主代词,如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来,那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下,在翻译时物主代词大多被省略。

  I put my hand into my pocket.

  我把手放进口袋。

  She listened to me with her rounded eyes.

  她睁大双眼,听我说话。

  4. 省略反身代词

  How does atoms arrange themselves in a solid?

  原子在固体中是如何排列的?

  We should concern ourselves here only with the structure of atoms.

  这里我们只论述原子的结构。

  Friction manifests itself as a force that opposes motion.

  磨擦表现为阻碍运动的力。

  Although pure science usually has no apparent connection with technology, it does lend itself to the development of applied science.

  理论科学虽然通常与技术没有明显的联系,但确实有助于应用科学的发展。

  (二)代词it的省略

  it起着代词的作用,在译文中,当它被用作非人称或没有意义的时候,往往可以省略。

  Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs.

  外面一团漆黑,大雨倾盆。

  He glanced at his watch; it was 7:15.

  他一看表,是七点一刻了。

  It took me a long time to reach the hospital.

  我花了很长时间才到了医院。

  It is the people who are really powerful.

  人民才是最强大的。

  (三)省略连接词

  汉语词语之间连接词用得不多,其上下逻辑关系常常是暗含的,由词语的次序来表示。英语则不然,连接词用得比较多。因此,英译汉时在很多情况下可不必把连接词译出来。

  He looked gloomy and troubled.

  他看上去有些忧愁不安。(省略并列连接词)

  As it is late, you had better go home.

  时间不早了,你最好回家去吧。(省略表示原因的连接词)

  If winter comes, can spring be far behind?

  冬天来了,春天还会远吗?(省略表示条件的连接词)

  If I had known it, I would not have joined in to.

  早知如此,我就不参加了。(省略表示条件的连接词)

  John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother.

  火车停了,约翰郁郁地站了起来,因为他想起了病中的母亲。(省略表示时间的连接词)

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